Global journal of Business and Integral Security

A Petrel for the Digital Storm

Lakshmi R Rajagopal — 2026-01-15

The world we live in today is fascinating, we are at the cusp of the fourth and fifth industrial revolution. It took us almost three centuries to get here since the first industrial revolution, the good part is that we will not have to wait for an equal period to experience the subsequent industrial revolutions. The pace and intensity of change is unprecedented and gives one the feeling of being in a sci-fi movie. Vectors shaping the future of work are complex, nuanced and multi-dimensional requiring us to adopt varied strategies so as to thrive in the current order. It requires us to transcend into higher maturity levels of change navigation continuum - to become change architects for our personal selves. Being a change architect would amplify the vector qualities required to sense-make the future. It would help optimise the efforts and energy required to thrive in the future through materiality, intentionality and directionality. This paper takes inspiration from nature, our biggest teacher on how humans can become better change architects to thrive in the future.

Harnessing Artificial Intelligence: Balancing Opportunity with Ethical and Regulatory Responsibility

Glenn Chilcott — 2026-01-15

Artificial intelligence (AI) is poised to deliver transformative economic and societal benefits, with
projections suggesting it could contribute up to $15.7 trillion to the global economy by 2030.
Generative AI alone is expected to create trillions of dollars in annual value across industries.
Yet these opportunities are accompanied by profound ethical, regulatory, and governance
challenges, including bias, privacy risks, market concentration, and environmental impacts. This
paper examines the opportunities and risks of AI, the mechanisms for mitigating those risks
through legislation, regulation, and organisational governance, and the importance of
embedding ethical principles in AI’s design and deployment. It concludes with an assessment of
recent developments and forward-looking predictions for the next one to five years, underscoring
the urgent need for a coordinated global response that balances innovation with responsibility.

Future-Ready Youth Business Leaders: Gender-Based Competencies for the X.0 Wave Generation

Hamid Mattiello — 2026-01-15

The accelerating convergence of digital transformation, sustainability, and technological innovation requires a new generation of youth business leaders equipped with ethical, culturally aware, paradigm-shifting, and gender-sensitive competencies. This study applies the X.0 wave theory as a comprehensive framework to understand societal, technological, and economic evolution and how successive business and societal revolutions reshape leadership requirements (Mattiello, 2024; Doost Mohammadian, 2022; Mattiello, Wittberg and Castro, 2022, November). It examines gender-based competencies essential for developing future-ready leaders capable of navigating digital, green, and human-centered economic transitions (Schwab, 2016; Schwab and Davis, 2018; OECD, 2025; Durani, 2025; Mansour et al., 2024). The framework identifies key competencies, including digital fluency, gender competence, entrepreneurial and strategic skills, and sustainable ethical leadership, using cross-cultural surveys, case studies, and simulation-based assessments (Mattiello, Mattiello and Wittberg, 2025, April; Mattiello and Mattiello, 2025b; Brooks, Tse, Wright and Burdett, 2024; Mattiello, Wittberg, Castro and Langari, 2022, March). These competencies, combined with ethical governance and inclusive leadership, enable youth to respond effectively to Industry 5.0 and emerging Society 6.0 challenges (Mattiello and Domann, 2024; Henderikx and Stoffers, 2023; Held, Heubeck and Meckl, 2025; Mladenova, Vladimirov and Harizanova, 2025). Findings show that integrating ethics, digital skills, and gender-sensitive practices enhances leadership effectiveness, resilience, and inclusivity, offering actionable guidance to cultivate future-ready leaders who drive sustainable and advanced business ecosystems (Mattiello, Alijani, Rahimi Moghaddam and Ameri, 2024; Doost Mohammadian and Rezaie, 2020; Rüdiger, Köchli, Hunter and Mvunelo, 2025; UN Youth Office, 2025; Avice Huet, 2023).

Artificial Intelligence-Based Visa Processing System to Reduce Paper Usage, Visa Processing Time, and Human Errors during the Application Review Process

Azeez Chollampat — 2026-01-15

Visa processing is an essential part of most international travel. However, it often entangles applicants in paperwork, requires repeated visits to visa centres, leads to long queues, and is prone to human errors. Visa applicants are often burdened by excessive paperwork, repeated visits to visa centres, long delays, and human errors. These difficulties often result in missed opportunities, frustrations and tensions. It affects a lot more vulnerable groups, such as senior citizens, pregnant women, and families, while also straining consular operations. This paper proposes an artificial intelligence (AI) based framework to transform visa processing into a faster, more reliable, and sustainable system. The proposed system integrates Optical Character Recognition (OCR), Natural Language Processing (NLP), sentiment analysis and machine learning algorithms to automate document handling, error detection, and decision support. A hybrid approach combining deep learning, language transformers, and rule-based methods is adopted to manage the complex variability in visa applications. The study also assesses the perceptions, expectations, and opinions of visa applicants and the general public about the deployment of AI in visa processing. The proposed framework aspires to deliver a digital visa processing system that is greener, more user-focused, and transparent by integrating AI into it.

Leveraging Artificial Intelligence to Strengthen MEL Systems in Immunization Programs: Insights from Cameroon’s Fragile Contexts

Walter Roye Taju Fanka — 2026-01-14

This study introduces an Artificial Intelligence (AI)-enhanced framework for Monitoring, Evaluation, and Learning (MEL) in fragile immunization contexts, using Cameroon as a case study. Drawing on routine service delivery and community-level data, we trained a Random Forest model to predict zero-dose hotspots and assess the drivers of immunization gaps. The predictive features included geographic accessibility, security risks, community engagement, and health system capacity. The results highlight that the distance to vaccination posts, community leader involvement, and availability of cold-chain infrastructure are key determinants of coverage. The model demonstrated a strong classification performance, offering actionable insights for targeted interventions. While this approach reduces reliance on manual triangulation and enhances real-time decision-making, it requires careful handling of data quality and contextual constraints. This research provides a practical framework for applying AI to improve equity, efficiency, and planning in fragile immunization systems.

The Evolving Journey of Green Hydrogen in India’s Progress Towards Net-Zero Carbon Emissions

Shivprasad Laud — 2026-01-14

“Green Hydrogen” (GH2) is becoming one of the main pillars of the Government’s goal of becoming
Energy independent by 2047 and achieving Net-Zero Carbon Emissions in India by 2070. Towards
this in 2023, “National Green Hydrogen Mission” (NGHM) was initiated with the target of producing
5 million metric tonnes a year by 2030. This initiative is supported by substantial Government funding
to help reduce the reliance on hard-to-abate industries (such as steel, cement, and transport) and
fossil fuels. As noted in this work, despite the strategic guidance presented by Policy frameworks and
incentives, what is limiting faster progress are implementation gaps, regulatory ambiguity, and
infrastructure limitations. Central to industry preparedness is technological innovation, financial
stability, and trained manpower. With effective financial instruments like Green bonds, the risks of
investment can be mitigated. Challenges include the high cost of capital, land acquisition, physical
disintegration, insufficient R&D, enforced Policy implementation, increased financial infrastructure,
employee training, scalable storage, and a high level of safety, among others.

The Adaptive Helix Model as a Catalyst for the Growth of the Digital and Green Economies

Saleh Alnouman — 2026-01-14

This article introduces the Adaptive Helix Model (AHM) as a critical framework for advancing digital and green economies. Building on the evolution of helix models, AHM embeds adaptability across eight interconnected helices: Strategic Alignment, Governance Leadership, Venture Finance, Knowledge Dynamics, Economic Ecosystem, Techno-Ecosystems, Eco-Communication, and Society & Sustainability. The study identifies key challenges facing Innovation Zones and Ecosystems (IZEs), including financing, governance, industrial transformation, infrastructure disparities, labor dynamics, data security, and environmental pressures. It demonstrates how AHM provides structured pathways to address these challenges through agile governance, sustainable capital flows, talent development, ecosystem diversification, and resilient digital–physical infrastructure, complemented by transparent communication and inclusive adoption. Furthermore, the article argues that adaptivity is not only a theoretical advancement but also a practical necessity. It examines the potential challenges and risks associated with implementing AHM and suggests preventive and proactive strategies to ensure smooth, successful, effective, and growth-supporting implementation.

Risks and Opportunities of the Digital Transformation of Occupational Health and Safety in the Republic of Croatia – Impact on Company Operations

Tomislav Katić — 2026-01-14

Occupational health and safety management (OHS), as a secondary business process, is part of all work processes of a business organization. If a company implements a digital transformation of its business, an integral part of this must be the digitalization of OHS management process. Although at first glance it can be concluded that companies in the Republic of Croatia lag behind European and global companies in terms of the digitalization of OHS processes, there are certainly positive examples. The first part of the paper presents the theoretical assumptions of digitalization and OHS and the previous research in this area. The second part of the paper provides an overview of the results of the most significant analyses and research on the impact of digital transformation on the OHS management system in the Republic of Croatia. The risks and opportunities of the digital transformation of this process are analyzed. The discussion and conclusion provide recommendations for improving the management of risks and opportunities of the digitalization of the occupational health and safety management system and its impact on company operations.

Designing Onboarding Together: Insights from Human Resources Focus Group

Bethânia Monteforte Sasseron — 2026-01-14

This study investigates HR professionals’ perspectives on designing a global onboarding programme in a complex, multi-site humanitarian organisation. Using a qualitative focus-group framework, five online sessions (n = 32) were conducted between July–October 2022 via Microsoft Teams and Miro to co-create onboarding requirements grounded in practitioner insight. Reflexive thematic analysis identified six domains: Social Inclusion, Onboarding Monitoring, Practices during Onboarding, Learning and Development, Onboarding Steps, and Organisational Culture, which informed a co-designed, four-phase model (Preparation; Social Inclusion; Learning and Development; Technical Role-Specific Training). Findings indicate that HR stakeholders conceptualise onboarding as a strategic, human-centred capability that requires standardised yet context-sensitive structures, digital artefacts, and participatory governance. Digital collaboration enabled global engagement, auditable outputs, and transparent design processes aligned with organisational values and sustainability goals. The study advances onboarding scholarship by centring HR practitioner voices and demonstrating how digitally enabled focus groups can produce actionable frameworks for cross-border contexts. Methodologically, it contributes to online qualitative practice; practically, it offers a replicable onboarding architecture for dispersed, mission-driven organisations.

Designed to Manipulate: Psychological Design Ethics in the Era of Green Tech

Sangieta Pande — 2026-01-14

Digital technology has been a big part of making people act in a way that is good for the environment, like apps that track emissions and green-commerce interfaces. The persuasive features built into these systems, like nudges, gamification, and emotional triggers, make it hard to tell the difference between ethical influence and psychological manipulation. This research investigates the impact of sustainability-focused digital platforms on user autonomy and trust through persuasive design. The study employed a mixed-methods approach, incorporating survey data, experimental testing, case studies, and expert interviews, to examine whether green-tech experiences empower or exploit individuals. The study introduces a Psychological Design Ethics Framework that delineates openness, empowerment, and fairness as the core principles of ethical digital sustainability.