Outlook of Sustainable Agriculture through innovated Carbon Recycling model

Abstract

Carbon is present in most living objects on earth in some form, wherein carbon is necessary to live, grow, and reproduce. The carbon cycle is crucial as carbon makes life on earth possible. Nature tries to keep a balanced carbon level, implying that through natural process the amount of carbon released from reservoirs equals the amount that is absorbed by reservoirs. Sustaining this carbon balance is essential for life to thrive on our planet. But carbon cycle balance has been disrupted by various human activities, specially through traditional farming activities and burning fossil carbon as fuel. This has led to release of more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere than being absorbed by plants. Conventional agriculture, food production and distribution are major contributors of greenhouse gas emission. Globally, agriculture is directly responsible for 14 percent of annual greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and induces an additional 17 percent through land use change, mostly in developing countries (Vermeulen et al 2012). Agricultural intensification and expansion in these regions is expected to catalyze the most significant relative increases in agricultural GHG emissions over the next decade (Smith et al 2008, Tilman et al 2011). Therefore, with ever rising population and exponential demand of food with each new day, it is of utmost importance to discover means of sustainable agriculture through carbon recycling for faster nutritious food generation and thereby bring the carbon cycle back into balance.